Which of the following is also known as ‘slash and burn’ agriculture?

The correct answer is Option (4) → Primitive subsistence agriculture

Primitive subsistence agriculture is practised on small patches of land cleared by felling trees and burning the remains, the ash enriching the soil. When the fertility is exhausted the cultivators move on to a fresh patch, which is why it is called slash and burn or shifting cultivation.

It goes by many local names — jhum in the north-east, podu in Andhra Pradesh, kumari in Kerala — and by milpa in Mexico and ladang in Indonesia.