Read the following passage and answer questions.

Aarav is a production manager in a company. He is always instructing, guiding, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives, He always stimulates his subordinates to take up work voluntarily to achieve organisational goals. He always develops action plans and made decision consultation with his subordinates. He usually follows official channels for communication as designed in the organisation chart. He also uses informal communication in times of urgency.

Aarav stimulates his workers to take up work voluntarily.

Which element of directing is highlighted here?

Motivation

The correct answer is option (4)- Motivation.

The element of directing highlighted in the statement "Aarav stimulates his workers to take up work voluntarily" is Motivation. Aarav is stimulating his workers to take up work voluntarily, which is a key aspect of motivation.

Motivation is the process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals of organisation. It is an internal feeling of an individual and leads to goal directed behaviour. Motivation is mainly based on needs of individuals. It helps individuals and groups in the organisation for improved performance.

OTHER OPTIONS

• Supervision: It is an element of direction. It can be understood as a process as well as the functions performed by supervisor (a position at operative level). Supervision is very important as it is closely linked to overseeing the work, guiding and ensuring that targets are met by workers and employees.

• Leadership: Leadership is most important factor in the success of an enterprise. It is the process of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives.

• Communication: Communication refers to process of exchange of ideas between or among persons and create understanding.