Consider the following statements about terms defined under the Consu…

Consider the following statements about terms defined under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019:

(A) A complaint is any allegation in writing made by the complainant for obtaining relief.

(B) A product is any article or goods possessing market value and capable of delivery as assembled or as a component.

(C) An unfair trade practice falsely represents the quality, standard or quantity of goods for the purpose of promoting their sale.

(D) A restrictive trade practice manipulates price in such a manner that an unjustified cost is imposed on the retailer.

(E) The central authority can be a complainant under the Act.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 1

The correct answer is Option (1) → (A), (C) and (E) only

(A) A complaint is any allegation in writing made by the complainant for obtaining relief. — Correct. A complaint is any allegation in writing made by the complainant to get relief.

(B) A product is any article or goods possessing market value and capable of delivery as assembled or as a component. — Incorrect. A product possesses intrinsic value, that is, a value of its own. It must be capable of delivery as assembled or as a component.

(C) An unfair trade practice falsely represents the quality, standard or quantity of goods for the purpose of promoting their sale. — Correct. To promote sale, such a practice falsely represents the quality, standard, quantity, composition, style or model of goods.

(D) A restrictive trade practice manipulates price in such a manner that an unjustified cost is imposed on the retailer. — Incorrect. A restrictive trade practice manipulates price or supplies so that an unjustified cost is imposed on the consumer.

(E) The central authority can be a complainant under the Act. — Correct. The central authority is named among the complainants, with consumers, voluntary consumer associations and the governments.

NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Terms & Definitions 1. Complaint: Any allegation in writing made by the complainant for obtaining relief w.r.t restrictive trade practice, defect in goods or deficiency in services provided, overcharging of price or offer of goods or service injurious to life and safety.
2. Complainant: means one or more consumers, or any voluntary consumer association, central or state government or the central authority or a legal heir or legal representative or a parent or legal representative in case of a minor.
3. Spurious goods: Goods that are falsely claimed to be genuine.
4. Unfair trade practice: A trade practice for the purpose of promoting sale, use or supply of any goods or service falsely represents its quality, standard, quantity, composition, style or model.
5. Restrictive trade practice: A trade practice which manipulates price or affect the flow of supplies in the market relating to goods and services in such a manner that an unjustified cost is imposed on the consumer.
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9. Product: Any article or goods or substance or raw material or any extended cycle of such product either in gaseous , liquid or solid state possessing intrinsic value capable of delivery either as assembled or a component produced or manufactured to trade. …”