Identify the biodegradable polymer from the following.

Polylactic acid

The correct answer is option 4. Polylactic acid.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer made from renewable resources such as corn starch, sugarcane, or other plant-based sources. It is synthesized through the polymerization of lactic acid monomers, which are derived from fermentation processes involving carbohydrates found in plants.

One of the key characteristics of PLA is its biodegradability. When exposed to certain environmental conditions, such as heat, moisture, and microbial activity, PLA undergoes degradation into simpler compounds, such as carbon dioxide and water. This process is carried out by naturally occurring microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, present in soil, compost, or other disposal environments. As a result, PLA can break down over time and return to the natural environment without leaving behind harmful residues or contributing to long-term pollution.

Due to its biodegradable nature, PLA is considered an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics, which can persist in the environment for hundreds of years without degrading. PLA finds applications in various industries, including packaging, food service, textiles, and biomedical fields, where its biodegradability offers advantages in reducing waste and environmental impact.

Overall, PLA represents a promising solution for addressing concerns related to plastic pollution and promoting sustainability in material production and usage. Its biodegradability makes it a valuable option for industries seeking more environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional plastics.