Which of the following pairs is associated with the taxation system of the Marathas?

Chauth and Sardeshmukhi

The correct answer is Option 2 - Chauth and Sardeshmukhi

The pair Chauth and Sardeshmukhi is associated with the taxation system of the Marathas.

• Chauth was a tax of 25% on the revenue of a territory.
• Sardeshmukhi was an additional tax of 10% on the Chauth.

The Marathas levied these taxes on territories that they controlled, as well as on territories that were controlled by other powers. The Chauth and Sardeshmukhi were important sources of revenue for the Marathas, and they helped them to finance their military campaigns.