The loss of biodiversity in a region may not lead to :

Decline in plant production but increase in animal populations

The correct answer is Option (3) – Decline in plant production but increase in animal populations

Explanation:

Biodiversity loss generally has negative impacts on ecosystems. Let’s analyze each option:

Decline in plant production – Likely to occur because reduced biodiversity often decreases ecosystem productivity (fewer species = less efficient resource use).

Lowered resistance to environmental perturbations – Likely to occur because diverse ecosystems are more resilient to disturbances like drought.

Decline in plant production but increase in animal populations – Unlikely, as animal populations depend on plants (directly or indirectly). If plant productivity declines, animal populations would also suffer due to food scarcity.

Increased variability in ecosystem processes – Loss of biodiversity destabilizes ecosystems, making processes more erratic.