Stress is often explained in terms of characteristics of the environment that are disruptive to the:

individual's well-being

The correct answer is Option 4: individual's well-being

Stress is commonly defined as a state of mental or physical strain resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances. It is often explained in terms of environmental factors (stressors) that disrupt an individual's overall well-being, which includes:

• Physiological responses

• Cognitive functioning

• Emotional health

Since stress affects all these areas, the broadest and most accurate answer is: individual's well-being.