Assertion: Karen Horney argued that psychological disorders are caused by disturbed interpersonal relationships during adolescence.

Reasoning: Horney believed that when parents' behavior toward a child is indifferent, discouraging, and erratic, the child experiences basic anxiety, which can lead to psychological disorders.

The assertion is false, but the reasoning is true.

One of Horney's key ideas was that disturbed interpersonal relationships during childhood could lead to psychological disorders. When parents exhibit indifference, discouragement, or inconsistent behavior towards their child, the child develops feelings of insecurity, which Horney referred to as "basic anxiety." This anxiety can lead to deep resentment or "basic hostility" towards the parents. Horney emphasized that excessive dominance, indifference, or inconsistent parental approval can generate feelings of isolation and helplessness in children, ultimately hindering their healthy development.