Transfer of genetic message from sequences of nitrogenous bases to sequences of amino acids is called -
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Translation
Translation is the process where the genetic code from mRNA (messenger RNA), which is made from a sequence of nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G in DNA or A, U, C, G in RNA), is converted into a sequence of amino acids. These amino acids then form proteins, which carry out a vast number of functions in the cell.
- Transcription is the process where the genetic message from DNA is copied into mRNA.
- Replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself.
- Transformation typically refers to the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the uptake of foreign DNA, often used in genetic engineering.
So, translation is the final step where the genetic message is translated into a protein, which is essential for cellular functions.