Transfer of genetic message from sequences of nitrogenous bases to sequences of amino acids is called -
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Translation
Option (1) Translation — Correct. In translation the base sequence of the mRNA is read three bases (one codon) at a time, and the matching amino acids are joined by peptide bonds. So the message written in bases is turned into a sequence of amino acids, a polypeptide.
Option (2) Replication — Incorrect. Replication copies DNA into DNA. The message stays in the language of bases.
Option (3) Transcription — Incorrect. Transcription copies the base sequence of DNA into RNA. It goes from bases to bases; no amino acids are joined.
Option (4) Transformation — Incorrect. Transformation is the change of a bacterium by DNA taken from outside, as in Griffith’s experiment where R strain bacteria became S strain. It is not a step of gene expression.
NCERT Extract:
Translation –
Figure 5.13 Translation