Quantitative instruments of monetary policy focus on:

(A) Quantity of money across selected sectors of the economy.
(B) Overall supply of money in the economy.
(C) Credit creation capacity of commercial banks.
(D) Inflationary and deflationary gaps in the economy.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(B), (C) and (D) only

The correct answer is Option (4) → (B), (C) and (D) only

Quantitative instruments of monetary policy are general tools used by the central bank to regulate the overall money supply and credit availability in the economy. These tools include the bank rate, open market operations, and cash reserve ratio. Their focus is on the entire economy, not on specific sectors.

 (A) Quantity of money across selected sectors of the economy is incorrect because it describes the focus of qualitative or selective credit control tools, not quantitative ones.

(B) Overall supply of money in the economy: Correct. This is the primary focus of quantitative instruments, such as open market operations and the cash reserve ratio, as they control the total amount of money and liquidity in the system.

 (C) Credit creation capacity of commercial banks: Correct. Tools like the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and Repo Rate directly impact the amount of money commercial banks can lend, thus influencing their ability to create credit. 

(D) Inflationary and deflationary gaps in the economy: Correct. The ultimate purpose of controlling the money supply and credit is to manage macroeconomic situations. Quantitative instruments are used to either curb inflation (by reducing the money supply) or stimulate growth during a recession (by increasing the money supply).