Identify the odd one out:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Exorcism through countermagic and prayer
Option (1) Reforms of asylums — Incorrect. Asylum reforms began in Europe and America as part of the eighteenth-century <strong>Reform Movement</strong>, which grew from a scientific attitude to disorders.
Option (2) Exorcism through countermagic and prayer — Correct. Exorcism removes the evil believed to live in a person through countermagic and prayer. It belongs to the ancient <strong>supernatural approach</strong>, not to the Reform Movement, so it is the odd one.
Option (3) Community care for recovered mentally ill individuals — Incorrect. Community care for recovered patients is <strong>deinstitutionalisation</strong>, one aspect of the Reform Movement.
Option (4) Increased compassion for people suffering from disorders — Incorrect. Greater compassion for sufferers was an outcome of the same scientific attitude that produced the <strong>Reform Movement</strong>.
NCERT (2026-27): “Historical Background “The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were known as the Age of Reason and Enlightenment, as the scientific method replaced faith and dogma as ways of understanding abnormal behaviour. The growth of a scientific attitude towards psychological disorders in the eighteenth century contributed to the Reform Movement and to increased compassion for people who suffered from these disorders. Reforms of asylums were initiated in both Europe and America. One aspect of the reform movement was the new inclination for deinstitutionalisation which placed emphasis on providing community care for recovered mentally ill individuals. …” |