Which of the following questions would be of greatest interest to a social demographer rather than a formal demographer?

How will declining fertility rates affect family structures and economic dependency?

The correct answer is Option 2: How will declining fertility rates affect family structures and economic dependency?

This question is not simply about measuring population change. It is concerned with the social consequences of demographic processes. Social demography examines how population trends interact with institutions, economic arrangements, and social relationships.

Option 1: What will India's population be in 2050? Incorrect. This is primarily a forecasting question.

Option 3: What is the projected growth rate of the elderly population? Incorrect. This focuses on measurement and projection.

Option 4: What mathematical model best predicts future population size? Incorrect. This is a formal demography question.