Westernization has been a result of 150 years of British rule. It can be understood as:

Adoption of European life style

The correct answer is option 1: Adoption of European life style

M.N. Srinivas defines westernisation as “the changes brought about in Indian society and culture as a result of over 150 years of British rule, the term subsuming changes occurring at different levels…technology, institutions, ideology and values”.

Westernization refers to the process by which societies adopt elements of Western (especially European and American) culture, including clothing, language, education, legal systems, and lifestyle. In the Indian context, this was significantly influenced by 150 years of British colonial rule, during which Western values, institutions, and practices were introduced and, in many cases, adopted by sections of Indian society.