The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation established in 1949 was a defensive alliance against which country?

Russia (Former USSR)

The correct answer is Option (1) - Russia (Former USSR)

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), established in 1949, was a defensive alliance primarily against the Soviet Union/Russia (Former USSR).

NATO, or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, is a military alliance that was established in April 1949 with the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty. It was headed by the USA. Its original membership included various Western European nations, the United States, and Canada. The purpose of NATO was to provide collective defense against the threat of expansion by the Soviet Union and its allies.There are currently 32 member countries in NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization).