The technique of using live organisms or derived enzymes to produce products and processes useful to humans is known as:

Biotechnology

The correct answer is Option (2) → Biotechnology

Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to humans. Making curd, bread or wine, which are all microbe-mediated processes, could also be thought as a form of biotechnology. However, it is used in a restricted sense today, to refer to such of those processes which use genetically modified organisms to achieve the same on a larger scale. Further, many other processes/techniques are also included under biotechnology. For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a defective gene, are all part of biotechnology.