Which process occurs when inorganic nutrients are released from humus?

Mineralization

The correct answer is d) Mineralization.

Mineralization is the process that occurs when inorganic nutrients are released from humus. Humus, which is a highly decomposed organic material, serves as a reservoir of nutrients. Over time, through microbial activity and other processes, the organic compounds in humus are further degraded, leading to the release of inorganic nutrients.

During mineralization, microorganisms break down the complex organic compounds present in humus into simpler inorganic forms. These inorganic forms typically include essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and various micronutrients. The released inorganic nutrients become available for uptake by plants and other organisms, contributing to nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning.

Mineralization is an essential step in the decomposition process as it converts organic nutrients locked in humus into forms that can be readily utilized by living organisms. This process replenishes the nutrient pool in the soil and enables the recycling of nutrients within ecosystems.