Read the following passage and answer the question given below:
The beginning of this fun-filled season with the sun hidden behind the grey clouds brings cheer to many of us waiting eagerly to splash in the rains. Of course not everything about rain is glamorous. Especially when you think about endless traffic jams, the bad roads dotted with potholes, uncleared garbage and the spate of water borne diseases. Also viral infections like cold and cough make their presence felt. Most infection diseases prevalent in the rainy season can be prevented by simply washing our hands regularly. Scrubbing hands regularly with water and soap can prevent us from contacting respiratory and diarrhoeal diseases.
Kids have a lower level of immunity and hence hand washing becomes a crucial part of their lifestyle. When playing especially during monsoon season kids come into contact with germs and can unknowingly become infected simply by touching their nose, eyes or mouth. The Food and Drug Administration states that the influenza virus can survive on surfaces for up to eight hours making people susceptible to catching it each time they touch the infected surface. Hence repeated hand washing is required.
To make the best of the rainy season we should follow some simple guidelines. First of all, if we decide to get wet in the rains we should change into a dry set of clothes at the earliest. Also we should keep raw food items at bay and wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly before use. Moreover, strict kitchen hygiene should be maintained in order to enjoy one of the most beautiful seasons of the year. Also, in order to have a trouble free rainy season home made fresh food should be given preference over the fast food sold in the market.
By simply washing our hands and scrubbing the hands regularly with water and soap can prevent us from:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Respiratory and diarrhoeal diseases
The passage says that scrubbing hands regularly with water and soap can prevent us from catching "respiratory and diarrhoeal diseases". Respiratory diseases affect breathing (the nose, throat and lungs); diarrhoeal diseases affect the stomach and bowels.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect?
Option 1: Ortho related diseases — Incorrect. Not mentioned: orthopaedic problems concern the bones and joints; the passage says nothing about them, and washing hands does not prevent them.
Option 2: Opthomological related diseases — Incorrect. Wrong link: ophthalmology deals with the eyes; the passage mentions the eyes only as a way germs enter the body, not as a disease that hand washing prevents.
Option 3: Neuro related diseases — Incorrect. Not mentioned: neurological diseases affect the brain and nerves; the passage says nothing about them.