Assertion: Attitudes can also be acquired through the influence of group or cultural norms.

Reasoning: Cultural norms represent unwritten rules that dictate how individuals are expected to behave in specific circumstances.

Both Assertion (A) and reasoning (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

The correct answer is Option 1: Both Assertion (A) and reasoning (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Assertion: Attitudes can also be acquired through the influence of group or cultural norms. This is correct. Cultural and group norms play a major role in shaping attitudes through social learning, imitation, and reinforcement.

Reasoning: Cultural norms represent unwritten rules that dictate how individuals are expected to behave in specific circumstances. This is correct. Cultural norms are largely unwritten expectations that guide behavior.

Does R explains A? The reasoning explains how cultural norms influence attitudes. Because cultural norms dictate expected behavior and ways of thinking, individuals often adopt attitudes that align with these norms. For instance, if a cultural norm dictates respect for elders, individuals within that culture are likely to develop an attitude of respect towards elders. The cultural norms (unwritten rules) provide the framework and expectations that lead to the formation of specific attitudes. Therefore, the reasoning correctly explains the assertion.

NCERT: Attitudes can also be acquired through the influence of group or cultural norms. These norms represent unwritten rules that dictate how individuals are expected to behave in specific circumstances. Over time, these norms may become internalized as part of our social cognition, shaping our attitudes. Learning attitudes through group or cultural norms can encompass all three forms of learning mentioned earlier: association, reward or punishment, and modelling. For example, within a close-knit community, it may be a cultural norm to prioritize family values and maintain strong bonds. When individuals observe the emphasis placed on family unity, witness the rewards and positive reinforcement given to those who uphold these values, and see the positive relationships formed within the community as a result, they may develop a positive attitude towards family and prioritize familial connections in their own lives.