The following are techniques of Scientific Management, except:

Initiative

The correct answer is Option (4) → Initiative

The main techniques of Scientific Management developed by F.W. Taylor include:

• Functional Foremanship

• Standardisation and Simplification of Work

• Work Study (Method, Motion, Time, and Fatigue Study)

• Differential Piece Wage System

Initiative is not a technique of Scientific Management; it is one of Henry Fayol’s principles of management, which encourages employees to take active interest and contribute ideas in their work.