Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 4

The correct answer is Option (4) → Livestock production – increased stability in income without disrupting other food-producing activities

Keeping animals gives the family a steadier income, food, fuel and transport, while crop farming goes on as before.

Option (1) Horticulture – about 1.5 per cent of GDP — Incorrect. Horticulture is about six per cent of GDP. About 1.5 per cent is fish production.

Option (2) Fish production – mainly from the marine sector — Incorrect. About 75 per cent comes from inland sources.

Option (3) Poultry – the smallest share of livestock in India (2019) — Incorrect. Poultry has the largest share, 61 per cent.

Option (4) Livestock production – increased stability in income without disrupting other food-producing activities — Correct. This is a benefit of livestock.

NCERT (2026-27): “5.5 Diversification into Productive Activities … Animal Husbandry: In India, the farming community uses the mixed crop-livestock farming system —cattle, goats, fowl are the widely held species. Livestock production provides increased stability in income, food security, transport, fuel and nutrition for the family without disrupting other food-producing activities. Today, livestock sector alone provides alternate livelihood options to over 70 million small and marginal farmers including landless labourers. A significant number of women also find employment in the livestock sector. Chart 5.1 shows the distribution of livestock in India. Poultry accounts for the largest share with 61 per cent followed by others. …”

“5.5 Diversification into Productive Activities … Presently, fish production from inland sources contributes about 75 per cent to the total value of fish production and the balance 25 per cent comes from the marine sector (sea and oceans). Today total fish production accounts for about 1.5 per cent of the total GDP. …”

“5.5 Diversification into Productive Activities … Horticulture sector contributes nearly one-third of the value of agriculture output and six per cent of Gross Domestic Product of India. …”