Match the following options correctly:

(a)- iii, (b)- iv, (c)- ii, (d)- i

India faced serious food shortages during the 1950s and 1960s. The major item of import at that time was food grain, capital goods, machinery and equipment.

After the 1970s, food grain import was discontinued due to the success of the Green revolution but the energy crisis of 1973 pushed the prices of petroleum, and the import budget was also pushed up. Foodgrain import was replaced by fertilisers and petroleum.

Most of India’s foreign trade is carried through sea and air routes. However, a small portion is also carried through land routes to neighbouring countries like Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Pakistan.

India has a long tradition of sea faring and developed many ports with place name suffixed with pattan meaning port.