In a series combination of capacitors connected across a battery

The correct answer is Option (3) → each capacitor has equal charge for any value of its capacitance

In a series combination the capacitors are joined end to end, so the charge that leaves one plate must appear on the next plate. The inner plates of neighbouring capacitors are connected only to each other and are electrically neutral as a pair. Hence every capacitor holds the same charge, equal to the charge of the equivalent capacitor.

    \( \displaystyle Q = C_{\mathrm{eq}}\,V \)

The potential difference divides in proportion to \( 1/C \), but the charge does not depend on the individual capacitances.

Option (3) each capacitor has equal charge for any value of its capacitance — Correct. Series connection forces the same charge on each capacitor, for any capacitances.

NCERT (2026-27):
Capacitors in Series – “… Thus, in the series combination, charges on the two plates (±Q) are the same on each capacitor.”