Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

The invention of fertilisers and insecticides has increased agricultural ______ which is required to feed the swelling population of the world.

output

The correct answer is output.

The word output means the amount of something produced. In this sentence, the speaker is saying that the invention of fertilizers and insecticides has increased the amount of agricultural output, which is required to feed the swelling population of the world.

The options cargo, goods, and product are not as appropriate because they do not have the same meaning as output. For example, the option cargo means goods that are transported, but this is not the same as the amount of something produced. The option goods means commodities that are for sale, but this is also not the same as the amount of something produced. The option product means something that is produced, but it is not as specific as output.