Identify approaches to human development.
(A) Welfare
(B) Selective
(C) Capability
(D) Income
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A), (C), (D) only
The four main approaches to human development are the income, welfare, minimum (basic) needs and capability approaches.
(A) Welfare — Correct. The welfare approach sees people as beneficiaries of development and asks the government to spend more on education, health and amenities.
(B) Selective — Incorrect. There is no such approach.
(C) Capability — Correct. The capability approach, linked with Prof. Amartya Sen, builds people’s capabilities in health, education and access to resources.
(D) Income — Correct. The income approach is one of the oldest approaches. It links the level of human development with the level of income.
NCERT (2026-27): “APPROACHES TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT … There are many ways of looking at the problem of human development. Some of the important approaches are: (a) The income approach; (b) The welfare approach; (c) Minimum needs approach; and (d) Capabilities approach (Table 3.1).” |