Which one of the following statements is incorrect:

The correct answer is Option (1) → The internal resistance of dry cell is much lower than the common electrolytic cell

The question asks for the incorrect statement. The internal resistance r of a cell is the resistance that the electrolyte (and electrodes) offers to the current inside the cell. It limits the current a cell can deliver, since the terminal voltage is \( V = E - Ir \).

Option (1) The internal resistance of dry cell is much lower than the common electrolytic cell — Incorrect. It is the other way round: a dry cell has a much higher internal resistance than a common electrolytic cell.

Option (2) The internal resistance of dry cell is much higher than the common electrolytic cell — Correct. This is the true statement that Option (1) reverses.

Option (3) The maximum current that can be drawn from a cell is lower than \( E/r \) — Correct. With an external resistance R the current is \( I = \frac{E}{R + r} \), which is below \( E/r \) for every \( R \gt 0 \); \( E/r \) would flow only for \( R = 0 \), which is not a usable circuit.

Option (4) The electrolyte through which a current flows has a finite resistance, called the internal resistance — Correct. This is the definition of the internal resistance of a cell.

NCERT (2026-27):
Cells, Emf, Internal Resistance – “… The electrolyte through which a current flows has a finite resistance r, called the internal resistance.”

Cells, Emf, Internal Resistance – “… The actual values of the internal resistances of cells vary from cell to cell. The internal resistance of dry cells, however, is much higher than the common electrolytic cells.”