Health and diseases
Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Health is not just the absence of disease. It is a state of complete physical, mental, social and psychological well-being. Diseases like typhoid, cholera, pneumonia, fungal infections of skin, malaria and many others are a major cause of distress to human beings. When the functioning of one or more organs or systems of the body is adversely affected, characterised by appearance of various signs and symptoms, we say that we are not healthy, i.e., we have a disease. Our immune system plays the major role in preventing these diseases when we are exposed to disease-causing agents. Immune system has memory. On subsequent exposure to same pathogen, the immune response is rapid and more intense. This forms the basis of protection afforded by vaccination and immunisation. Among other diseases, AIDS and cancer kill a large number of individuals worldwide. Many cancers are curable if detected early and appropriate therapeutic measures are taken.
Rhino viruses cause one of the most common human ailments called:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Common cold
Rhino viruses are one group of viruses that cause one of the most infectious human ailments, the common cold. They infect the nose and the respiratory passage but not the lungs.
(1) Common cold — Correct. Rhino viruses cause it.
(2) Pneumonia — Incorrect. It is caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, and it infects the alveoli of the lungs.
(3) Ascariasis — Incorrect. It is caused by the intestinal worm Ascaris, not by a virus.
(4) Diarrhoea — Incorrect. Rhino viruses affect the nose and the respiratory passage, not the gut.
Note: The passage is taken from NCERT. NTA has put lines of the NCERT text together to make it. Most CUET (UG) questions come straight from NCERT, so study the book line by line, including figures and their titles.
NCERT Extract:
Common Diseases in Humans – …
