Match List I with List II
| List I | List II |
| (A) Antifreeze used in car engine | (I) Phenol |
| (B) Starting material for picric acid | (II) Glycerol |
| (C) Wood spirit | (III) Ethylene glycol |
| (D) By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (IV) Methanol |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
(A) Antifreeze used in car engine — This matches (III) Ethylene glycol. Its solution in water freezes well below 273 K, so it is used in car radiators.
(B) Starting material for picric acid — This matches (I) Phenol. Concentrated nitric acid nitrates phenol at the 2, 4 and 6 positions:
\( \displaystyle \ce{C6H5OH + 3HNO3} \xrightarrow{\text{conc. }\ce{H2SO4}} \ce{C6H2(NO2)3OH + 3H2O} \)
(C) Wood spirit — This matches (IV) Methanol. Methanol was once made by destructive distillation of wood.
(D) By product of soap industry used in cosmetics — This matches (II) Glycerol. Saponification of a fat gives soap and glycerol:
\( \displaystyle \underset{\text{fat}}{\ce{(RCOO)3C3H5}} + \ce{3NaOH -> 3RCOONa} + \underset{\text{glycerol}}{\ce{C3H5(OH)3}} \)