Match List-I with List-II:List-IList-IIGenes/ProductsUsed in/for(A) C…

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

(A) C - Peptide — this matches (III) Insulin. Insulin is first made as pro-insulin, which has an extra stretch called the C peptide. The C peptide is removed when insulin matures, so the active hormone has only the A and B chains joined by disulphide bridges.

(B) α-1-antitrypsin — this matches (IV) Emphysema. Transgenic animals are used to make this human protein, which is used to treat emphysema, a lung disease.

(C) cryIAb — this matches (I) Corn borer. Bt toxins are specific to the insect group, so each cry gene is chosen for its pest.

(D) α-lactalbumin — this matches (II) Rosie. Rosie, the first transgenic cow (1997), gave milk with human alpha-lactalbumin, which is nutritionally more balanced for human babies than natural cow milk.

Note: The original NTA paper prints item (C) as “cryIIAb”. As per NCERT, cryIIAb (with cryIAc) controls cotton bollworms, while cryIAb controls corn borer, so the item has been changed to “cryIAb”. Option (2), the answer given by NTA, does not change.

NCERT Extract:
Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture – “… Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton (Figure 10.1). The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.”
Genetically Engineered Insulin – “… In mammals, including humans, insulin is synthesised as a pro-hormone (like a pro-enzyme, the pro-hormone also needs to be processed before it becomes a fully mature and functional hormone) which contains an extra stretch called the C peptide. This C peptide is not present in the mature insulin and is removed during maturation into insulin.”
Transgenic Animals – “… Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. … In 1997, the first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced human protein-enriched milk (2.4 grams per litre). The milk contained the human alpha-lactalbumin and was nutritionally a more balanced product for human babies than natural cow-milk.”