Spermiation is the _____________.

The correct answer is Option (1) → Process of release of sperms from the seminiferous tubules

Option (1) Process of release of sperms from the seminiferous tubules — Correct. The sperm heads first sit embedded in the Sertoli cells and are then set free.

Option (2) Process of formation of sperms — Incorrect. The whole process of making sperms from spermatogonia is spermatogenesis. Spermiation is only its last event.

Option (3) Transformation of spermatids into sperms — Incorrect. This change of shape is spermiogenesis. It comes just before spermiation.

Option (4) Process of formation of spermatogonia — Incorrect. Spermatogonia are the male germ cells lining the seminiferous tubules; they multiply by mitosis. Spermiation has nothing to do with forming them.

NCERT Extract:
Gametogenesis – “… The secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to produce four equal, haploid spermatids (Figure 2.5). … The spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperms) by the process called spermiogenesis. After spermiogenesis, sperm heads become embedded in the Sertoli cells, and are finally released from the seminiferous tubules by the process called spermiation.”