Which of the following term refers to the confinement of the species to a specific area and also the same species are not found anywhere else?

Endemism

The correct answer is Option (2) → Endemism

Biodiversity hotspots are regions with very high levels of species richness and high degree of endemism (that is, species confined to that region and not found anywhere else). These hotspots are also regions of accelerated habitat loss. These areas have exceptionally high levels of biodiversity, meaning they support a wide variety of plant and animal species. Additionally, they are home to a significant number of species that are found nowhere else on Earth, known as endemic species. Biodiversity hotspots are crucial areas for conservation efforts as they harbor a large proportion of the world's unique and irreplaceable species. Protecting these regions is essential to safeguarding global biodiversity and preventing species extinctions.