According to K.M. Pannikar, who are the thinkers associated with the second stream of Indian liberalism who introduced the spirit of social justice within orthodox Hinduism?

K.C. Sen, Justice Ranade, and Swami Vivekananda

The correct answer is Option 2 - B. K.C. Sen, Justice Ranade, and Swami Vivekananda


Indian liberalism has two streams. The first stream began with Rammohan Roy. He emphasised individual rights, particularly the rights of women. The second stream included thinkers like K.C. Sen, Justice Ranade and Swami Vivekananda. They introduced the spirit of social justice within orthodox Hinduism. For Vivekananda, such a reordering of Hindu society could not have been possible without liberal principles.

— K.M. Panikkar, In Defence of Liberalism, Bombay, Asia Publishing House, 1962.