Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding RNAi?

The correct answer is Option (3) → It involves the silencing of a specific tRNA.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a method of cellular defence in all eukaryotes. A double-stranded RNA that is complementary to a specific mRNA binds to it and stops its translation. The source of this RNA can be a virus with an RNA genome or a transposon.

(1) RNAi takes place in all eukaryotes as a method of defense. — Correct statement. This is the natural role of RNAi.

(2) It involves silencing of a specific mRNA. — Correct statement. The complementary dsRNA binds to the mRNA and prevents its translation.

(3) It involves the silencing of a specific tRNA. — Incorrect statement. The target is the mRNA, not the tRNA.

(4) Based on RNAi, a novel strategy was adopted to prevent infestation of Meloidegyne incognitia. — Correct statement. This nematode attacks the roots of tobacco plants. Nematode-specific genes were put into the host plant, and they make dsRNA that silences a specific mRNA of the nematode, so the plant resists it.

NCERT Extract:
Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture – …