Ghiyasuddin Balban (1265-1286 AD), ruler of the Slave dynasty, took up the title of ____________.

Zil-i-Ilahi (shadow of God)

The correct answer is Option 3- Zil-i-Ilahi (shadow of God)

Ghiyasuddin Balban (1265-1286 AD), ruler of the Slave dynasty, took up the title of Zil-i-Ilahi (shadow of God).

• Nur-al-Din (light of the faith) was a title used by several rulers, including Ghiyasuddin's predecessor, Nasiruddin Mahmud.
• Jahan Panah (protector of the world) was a title used by several rulers, including the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan.
• Nu rMahal (light of the palace) was a title used by the Mughal empress Nur Jahan.

Balban's choice of the title Zil-i-Ilahi was a bold one, as it implied that he was the representative of God on Earth. This title reflected Balban's high view of his own authority and his desire to establish a strong and centralized government.

Balban's reign was marked by a number of reforms, including the strengthening of the army, the suppression of internal dissent, and the expansion of the territory of the Delhi Sultanate. He was a successful ruler who helped to restore order and stability to the Delhi Sultanate after a period of turmoil.