Arrange the following steps pertaining to life cycle of Plasmodium in…

The correct answer is Option (4) → D, A, B, C

(D) Sporozoites reach the liver through blood — this comes first. Plasmodium enters the human body as sporozoites, the infective form, when an infected female Anopheles mosquito bites. The blood carries them to the liver.

(A) Asexual reproduction in RBCs — this comes second. The parasites first multiply in the liver cells. They then attack the red blood cells and multiply inside them.

(B) Rupture of RBCs and release of haemozoin — this comes third. The red blood cells burst and release a toxic substance, haemozoin. It causes the chill and high fever that come back every three to four days.

(C) Formation of gametocytes — this comes last. Some of the parasites in the red cells change into gametocytes. A mosquito that bites the patient takes them up, and the cycle goes on in the mosquito.

NCERT Extract:
Common Diseases in Humans – “… Plasmodium enters the human body as sporozoites (infectious form) through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito. The parasites initially multiply within the liver cells and then attack the red blood cells (RBCs) resulting in their rupture. The rupture of RBCs is associated with release of a toxic substance, haemozoin, which is responsible for the chill and high fever recurring every three to four days. When a female Anopheles mosquito bites an infected person, these parasites enter the mosquito’s body and undergo further development. The parasites multiply within them to form sporozoites that are stored in their salivary glands.”