Which of the following properties are desired in materials for perman…

The correct answer is Option (3) → (A), (B) and (C) only

A permanent magnet has to keep its magnetism for a long time, so its material is judged by the hysteresis loop.

(A) High retentivity — Correct. The magnet stays strong only if a large magnetisation remains when the field is removed.

(B) High coercivity — Correct. A large reverse field is then needed to wipe out the magnetisation, so stray fields, heating or knocks do not demagnetise it.

(C) High permeability — Correct. A high permeability lets the material be magnetised strongly by the field.

(D) Low permeability — Incorrect. It is the opposite of what is wanted.

Note: This question is from the pre-rationalised NCERT book (2022-23). The topic was removed from the latest NCERT book (2026-27), and it also appears to be out of the CUET 2026 syllabus.

NCERT (Pre-rationalised edition, 2022-23):
Permanent Magnets and Electromagnets – “… The hysteresis curve (Fig. 5.14) allows us to select suitable materials for permanent magnets. The material should have high retentivity so that the magnet is strong and high coercivity so that the magnetisation is not erased by stray magnetic fields, temperature fluctuations or minor mechanical damage. Further, the material should have a high permeability.”