As per Thermodynamics, _________ system cannot exchange both energy and mass with its surroundings.

isolated

The correct answer is option 2. isolated.

As per Thermodynamics, the system that cannot exchange both energy and mass with its surroundings is called Isolated.

In thermodynamics, systems are classified based on the exchange of energy and mass with their surroundings. An isolated system is one that does not exchange energy or mass with its surroundings. This means that neither energy nor mass can enter or leave the isolated system. While energy can still be transferred within the system (e.g., through internal processes), no exchange occurs with the surroundings. Isolated systems are theoretical constructs used in thermodynamics to simplify analysis and study fundamental principles.