Identify the characteristics of the third stage of demographic transition.

(A) Life expectancy is low.
(B) Both fertility and mortality decline considerably
(C) The population is either stable or grows slowly
(D) The population becomes urbanised

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(B), (C) and (D) only

The correct answer is Option (4) → (B), (C) and (D) only

In the third stage of demographic transition:

• Fertility and mortality rates decline considerably due to better healthcare, education, and awareness → (B).

• The population stabilises or grows slowly as birth and death rates come close → (C).

• Urbanisation increases with industrialisation and better economic opportunities → (D).

• Life expectancy is low (A) is incorrect, because in this stage life expectancy is high, not low.