Which of the following diseases is caused by insulin deficiency or insulin resistance?

Diabetes

The correct answer is Option (1)- Diabetes

The disease caused by insulin deficiency or insulin resistance is Diabetes.

Explanation:

• Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels.
• In type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to a lack of insulin.
• In type 2 diabetes, the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, and over time, the pancreas may not produce enough insulin.
• Insulin is a hormone that regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Its deficiency or ineffectiveness leads to impaired glucose uptake by cells, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels.

Therefore, the correct answer is Diabetes.