Arrange the following peasant movements in regard to their years in ascending order.
(A) Bardoli Satyagraha
(B) Bengal Revolt
(C) Champaran Movement
(D) Telangana Movement
(E) Naxalite Movement
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (B), (C), (A), (D), (E)
(A) Bardoli Satyagraha — 1928, in Surat District: a ‘non-tax’ campaign of refusal to pay land revenue, part of the nationwide non-cooperation movement.
(B) Bengal Revolt — 1859-62, against the indigo plantation system; the oldest of the five.
(C) Champaran Movement — the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917-18, directed against indigo plantations.
(D) Telangana Movement — 1946-51, against the feudal conditions in the princely state of Hyderabad, led by the CPI.
(E) Naxalite Movement — started from the region of Naxalbari in Bengal in 1967; the most recent of the five.
Note: The sentence that dates the start of the Naxalite movement at Naxalbari (1967), in the section on peasant movements of the chapter ‘Social Movements’, was there in the pre-rationalised NCERT, the textbook of 2022. It has been deleted from the main text of the NCERT book (2025-26), though the chapter is still there and its box on the Naxalbari uprising still describes the events of 1967.
NCERT (2025-26): “Peasant Movements … Peasant movements or agrarian struggles have taken place from pre-colonial days. The movements in the period between 1858 and 1914 tended to remain localised, disjointed and confined to particular grievances. Well-known are the Bengal revolt of 1859-62 against the indigo plantation system and the ‘Deccan riots’ of 1857 against moneylenders. Some of these issues continued into the following period, and under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi became partially linked to the Independence movement. For instance, the Bardoli Satyagraha (1928, Surat District) a ‘non-tax’ campaign as part of the nationwide non-cooperation movement, a campaign of refusal to pay land revenue and the Champaran Satyagraha (1917–18) directed against indigo plantations. In the 1920s, protest movements against the forest policies of the British government and local rulers arose in certain regions. Recall our discussion on structural changes in Chapter 1. Between 1920 and 1940 peasant organisations arose. The first organisation to be founded was the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (1929), and in 1936 the All India Kisan Sabha. The peasants organised by the Sabhas demanded freedom from economic exploitation for peasants, workers and all other exploited classes. At the time of Independence, we had the two most classical cases of peasant movements, namely the Tebhaga movement (1946–47) and the Telangana movement (1946–51). The first was a struggle of sharecroppers in Bengal in North Bihar for two thirds share of their produce instead of the customary half. It had the support of the Kisan Sabha and the Communist Party of India (CPI). The second was directed against the feudal conditions in the princely state of Hyderabad and was led by the CPI.” NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “8.5 Class Based Movements … The period after 1947 was characterised by two major social movements. The Naxalite struggle and the ‘new farmer’s movements.’ The Naxalite movement started from the region of Naxalbari (1967) in Bengal.” |