Which of the following statement is incorrect about Pastoralism?

The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during winters and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during summers is known as transhumance.

The correct answer is Option 3: The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during winters and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during summers is known as transhumance.

Option 1: Nomadic herding and pastoral nomadism means the same thing — Correct. Both terms are used interchangeably to describe a primitive subsistence activity in which herders move with their livestock in search of pasture and water.

Option 2: Nomadic herding is a primitive subsistence activity, in which the herders rely on animals for food, clothing, shelter, tools and transport — Correct. In pastoral nomadism, herders depend heavily on livestock for their livelihood and basic needs.

Option 3: The process of migration from plain areas to pastures on mountains during winters and again from mountain pastures to plain areas during summers is known as transhumance. — Incorrect. The seasonal movement described is reversed. In transhumance, people move from plains to mountain pastures during summers and return to plains during winters.