Read the given statements and select the correct option:

Statement 1: A specialised centre present in the medulla region of the brain called respiratory rhythm centre is primarily responsible for maintaining and moderate the respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues.

Statement 2: A chemosensitive area is situated adjacent to the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to CO₂ and hydrogen ions.

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

The correct answer is Option (1)-Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Human beings have a significant ability to maintain and moderate the respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues. This is done by the neural system. A specialised centre present in the medulla region of the brain called respiratory rhythm centre is primarily responsible for this regulation. A chemosensitive area is situated adjacent to the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to CO₂ and hydrogen ions. Increase in these substances can activate this centre, which in turn can signal the rhythm centre to make necessary adjustments in the respiratory process by which these substances can be eliminated. Receptors associated with aortic arch and carotid artery also can recognise changes in CO₂ and H+ concentration and send necessary signals to the rhythm centre for remedial actions. The role of oxygen in the regulation of respiratory rhythm is quite insignificant.