Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A :  Globalisation is a multidimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.
Reason R :  The impact of globalisation is vastly uneven, it affects some stories more than others, so no general conclusions can be drawn about the equal impact of globalisation.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below.
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct but R is not correct
4. A is not correct but R is correct

2

In this case, both Assertion A and Reason R are valid statements. Assertion A discusses the multidimensional nature of globalization, encompassing political, economic, and cultural aspects, and the need to distinguish these dimensions. Reason R highlights the uneven impact of globalization and the fact that its effects vary across different regions and groups. However, Reason R does not provide a direct explanation for Assertion A.

Globalisation as a concept fundamentally deals with flows. These flows could be of various kinds  — ideas moving from one part of the world to another, capital shunted between two or more places, commodities being traded across borders, and people moving in search of better livelihoods to different parts of the world. The crucial element is the ‘worldwide interconnectedness’ that is created and sustained as a consequence of these constant flows. Globalisation is a multi-dimensional concept. It has political, economic and cultural manifestations, and these must be adequately distinguished. It is wrong to assume that globalisation has purely economic dimensions, just as it would also be mistaken to assume that it is a purely cultural phenomenon. The impact of globalisation is vastly uneven — it affects some societies more than others and some parts of some societies more than others — and it is important to avoid drawing general conclusions about the impact of globalisation without paying sufficient attention to specific contexts.