Assertion: Communist China conducted nuclear tests in 1968.
Reason: The five nuclear weapon powers, the US, USSR, UK, France, and China tried to impose the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 on the rest of the world.

The Assertion is incorrect but the Reason is correct.

When Communist China conducted nuclear tests in October 1964, the five nuclear weapon powers, tried to impose the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 on the rest of the world. India always considered the NPT as discriminatory and had refused to sign it. When India conducted its first nuclear test, it was termed as peaceful explosion. India argued that it was committed to the policy of using nuclear power only for peaceful purposes.