Sanskritization and urbanization are respectively the processes of:

Cultural and structural change

The correct answer is Option (2) → Cultural and structural change

1. Sanskritization: This is a cultural process where lower castes or communities adopt the customs, rituals, language, and lifestyle of the upper castes or communities. It involves the emulation of higher social groups in terms of their cultural practices and values.

2. Urbanization: This is a structural process involving the migration of people from rural areas to urban areas, leading to the growth and expansion of cities. It involves changes in the economic, social, and environmental structure of society due to urban growth.

So, considering these definitions, Sanskritization primarily deals with cultural aspects, as it involves the adoption of cultural practices, while urbanization primarily deals with structural aspects, as it involves changes in the physical and organizational structure of society due to urban growth. Therefore, Sanskritization is a process of cultural change, and urbanization is a process of structural change.