Which of the following statements about the old social movements are correct?
(A) Working class movements in the capitalist west were wresting better wages from the state.
(B) In the same period, socialist movements were establishing new kinds of states and societies.
(C) The old social movements saw reorganisation of power relations as a central goal.
(D) The old social movements saw quality-of-life issues as a central goal.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A, B and C only
(A) Working class movements in the capitalist west were wresting better wages from the state. — Correct. Working class movements in the capitalist west were wresting better wages, living conditions and social security from the state.
(B) In the same period, socialist movements were establishing new kinds of states and societies. — Correct. The same period saw socialist movements establishing new kinds of states and societies.
(C) The old social movements saw reorganisation of power relations as a central goal. — Correct. The old social movements saw reorganisation of power relations as a central goal, through parties and class-based action.
(D) The old social movements saw quality-of-life issues as a central goal. — Incorrect. Quality-of-life issues, such as a clean environment, belong to the new social movements. The old ones aimed at reorganising power relations.
NCERT (2026-27): “Distinguishing the new social movement from the old social movements “The old social movements functioned within the frame of political parties. The Indian National Congress led the Indian National Movement. The Communist Party of China led the Chinese Revolution. Today some believe that ‘old’ class-based political action led by trade unions and workers’ parties is on the decline. Others argued that in the affluent West with its welfare state, issues of class-based exploitation and inequality were no longer central concerns. So the ‘new’ social movements were not about changing the distribution of power in society but about quality-of-life issues such as having a clean environment.” |