Match the LIST-I with LIST-IILIST-ITypes of IndustriesLIST-IICharacte…

Match the LIST-I with LIST-II

LIST-I Types of Industries		LIST-II Characteristics
A.	Public Sector Industries	I.	Managed by joint stock companies
B.	Private Sector Industries	II.	Application of intensive research and development
C.	Joint Sector Industries	III.	Owned and managed by governments
D.	High Technology Industry	IV.	Owned by individual investors

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 4

The correct answer is Option (4) → A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II

(A) Public Sector Industries — this matches (III) Owned and managed by governments. India had a number of such Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs).

(B) Private Sector Industries — this matches (IV) Owned by individual investors. They are managed by private organisations, as in capitalist countries.

(C) Joint Sector Industries — this matches (I) Managed by joint stock companies. Sometimes the private and public sectors together set up and manage such industries.

(D) High Technology Industry — this matches (II) Application of intensive research and development. High-tech is the latest generation of manufacturing, where research and development (R and D) leads to products of an advanced scientific and engineering character.

NCERT (2025-26): “Industries based on Ownership … (a) Public Sector Industries are owned and managed by governments. In India, there were a number of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs). Socialist countries have many state owned industries. Mixed economies have both Public and Private sector enterprises.
(b) Private Sector Industries are owned by individual investors. These are managed by private organisations. In capitalist countries, industries are generally owned privately.
(c) Joint Sector Industries are managed by joint stock companies or sometimes the private and public sectors together establish and manage the industries.…”

“Concept of High Technology Industry … High technology, or simply high-tech, is the latest generation of manufacturing activities. It is best understood as the application of intensive research and development (R and D) efforts leading to the manufacture of products of an advanced scientific and engineering character. Professional (white collar) workers make up a large share of the total workforce. These highly skilled specialists greatly outnumber the actual production (blue collar) workers.…”