Consider the following statements about China before and during its reforms:
(A) Each reform measure was first implemented at a smaller level and then extended on a massive scale.
(B) Experimentation under a decentralised government helped to assess the costs of success or failure.
(C) Through the commune system, food grains were distributed less equitably.
(D) Before the reforms, basic health services had already been extended massively in rural areas.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A), (B) and (D) only
(A) Each reform measure was first implemented at a smaller level and then extended on a massive scale. — Correct. Each step was tried on a small scale first, then spread across the country.
(B) Experimentation under a decentralised government helped to assess the costs of success or failure. — Correct. Trying things under a decentralised government showed the economic, social and political costs before going big.
(C) Through the commune system, food grains were distributed less equitably. — Incorrect. The commune system gave a more equitable distribution of food grains.
(D) Before the reforms, basic health services had already been extended massively in rural areas. — Correct. Basic health services in rural areas had been extended massively before 1978.
NCERT (2026-27): “8.6 Development Strategies — an Appraisal Before the introduction of reforms, there had already been massive extension of basic health services in rural areas. Through the commune system, there was more equitable distribution of food grains. Experts also point out that each reform measure was first implemented at a smaller level and then extended on a massive scale. The experimentation under decentralised government enabled to assess the economic, social and political costs of success or failure.” |