Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

(A) Charles Darwin (IV) H.M.S. Beagle

• Darwin developed the theory of natural selection based on observations made during his voyage on the ship H.M.S. Beagle.

(B) Lamarck (III) Use and disuse of organs

• Lamarck proposed the theory that traits acquired or lost during an organism's lifetime due to use or disuse could be passed on to offspring.

(C) Hugo de Vries (II) Mutation caused speciation

• Hugo de Vries suggested that sudden mutations, not gradual changes, were responsible for the creation of new species (Mutation Theory).

(D) Thomas Malthus (I) Theory of Populations

• Malthus wrote about population growth and its limits, influencing Darwin's ideas about competition and natural selection.