Match the following terms (List-I) with their description (List-II) :
| List-I (Terms) | List-II (Descriptions) | ||
| (A) | Varna system | (I) | Process of adopting higher caste practices |
| (B) | Scheduled Castes | (II) | Four-fold division of society |
| (C) | Sanskritisation | (III) | Opposed to Hindu society |
| (D) | Resistance Tribes | (IV) | Recognised by Govt. of India Act, 1935 |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)
(A) Varna system — this matches (II) Four-fold division of society. Varna, literally ‘colour’, is the name given to a four-fold division of society into brahmana, kshatriya, vaishya and shudra.
(B) Scheduled Castes — this matches (IV) Recognised by Govt. of India Act, 1935. The Government of India Act of 1935 gave legal recognition to the lists or ‘schedules’ of castes and tribes marked out for special treatment; this is how the terms Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes came into being.
(C) Sanskritisation — this matches (I) Process of adopting higher caste practices. Sanskritisation is the process by which a ‘low’ caste or tribe takes over the customs, rituals, beliefs and style of life of a high caste.
(D) Resistance Tribes — this matches (III) Opposed to Hindu society. From the tribes’ point of view, one way of classifying them is by their attitude towards Hindu society: tribes positively inclined towards Hinduism, and those who resist or oppose it.
NCERT (2025-26): “3.1 Caste and the Caste System … Varna, literally ‘colour’, is the name given to a four-fold division of society into brahmana, kshatriya, vaishya and shudra, though this excludes a significant section of the population composed of the ‘outcastes’, foreigners, slaves, conquered peoples and others, sometimes refered to as the panchamas or fifth category.…” “The administration also took an interest in the welfare of downtrodden castes, referred to as the ‘depressed classes’ at that time. It was as part of these efforts that the Government of India Act of 1935 was passed which gave legal recognition to the lists or ‘schedules’ of castes and tribes marked out for special treatment by the state. This is how the terms ‘Scheduled Tribes’ and the ‘Scheduled Castes’ came into being.…” “Sanskritisation … The term sanskritisation was coined by M.N. Srinivas. It may be briefly defined as the process by which a ‘low’ caste or tribe or other group takes over the customs, ritual, beliefs, ideology and style of life of a high and, in particular, a ‘twice-born (dwija) caste’.…” “…Assimilation can be seen either from the point of view of the tribes, or (as has been most often the case) from the point of view of the dominant Hindu mainstream. From the tribes’ point of view, apart from the extent of assimilation, attitude towards Hindu society is also a major criterion, with differentiation between tribes that are positively inclined towards Hinduism and those who resist or oppose it.…” |