For Satish Saberwal, the aspects of modern framework of change in col…

For Satish Saberwal, the aspects of modern framework of change in colonial India was based on:-

(A) Movements and Revolutions
(B) Forms of organization
(C) Modes of communication
(D) Nature of ideas

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 4

The correct answer is Option (4) → (B), (C) and (D) only

(A) Movements and Revolutions Incorrect. Satish Saberwal sketches three aspects of the modern framework of change in colonial India: modes of communication, forms of organisation and the nature of ideas. Movements and revolutions are not one of the three.

(B) Forms of organization Correct. Modern social organisations came up: the Brahmo Samaj in Bengal, the Arya Samaj in Punjab and the All-India Muslim Ladies Conference founded in 1914.

(C) Modes of communication Correct. New technologies such as the printing press, the telegraph, steamships and railways sped up communication and helped the quick movement of new ideas.

(D) Nature of ideas Correct. New ideas of liberalism and freedom, of homemaking and marriage, of new roles for mothers and daughters, and of pride in culture and tradition emerged.

NCERT (2025-26): “2.1 Social reform movements in the 19th and early 20th century … Sociologist Satish Saberwal elaborates upon the modern context by sketching three aspects to the modern framework of change in colonial India:

modes of communication
forms of organisation, and
the nature of ideas”

“New technologies speeded up various forms of communication. The printing press, telegraph, and later the microphone, movement of people and goods through steamship and railways helped quick movement of new ideas.…”

“…Modern social organisations like the Brahmo Samaj in Bengal and Arya Samaj in Punjab were set up. The All-India Muslim Ladies Conference (AnjumanE-Khawatn-E-Islam) was founded in 1914.…”

“…New ideas of liberalism and freedom, new ideas of homemaking and marriage, new roles for mothers and daughters, new ideas of self-conscious pride in culture and tradition emerged.…”